A tiny (18 patient) group of colorectal patients recently underwent a medical miracle when their illness fully disappeared following experimental therapy administered by a team of experts at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York. The trial's outcome was unexpected because every patient was entirely cured, without exception. Some specialists in the field of cancer research claim that these ground-breaking findings are unexpected [8]. These individuals had life-altering surgery that might affect bowel, urinary, and sexual functions, as well as treatments including chemotherapy and radiation.  Dr. Diaz's 2017 clinical trial design served as the study's primary source of inspiration. 86 people with metastatic cancer that had spread throughout their bodies were included. However, a gene mutation present in every tumour rendered cells incapable of repairing DNA damage. 4% of cancer patients had these mutations. Patients in that study received pembrolizumab, a checkpoint inhibitor from Merck, for up to two years. Tumors decreased in size or stabilised in around one-third to one-half of the patients, prolonging their survival. 10% of participants who took part in the trial had their tumours removed. According to the researchers, the experiment has to be repeated in a much bigger sample because the current study only examined people whose tumours had a certain genetic profile. However, they think that seeing complete remission in all of the individuals who were investigated is a very encouraging early indicator. Read complete article at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9433597/

In a groundbreaking medical experiment, a pig kidney was successfully transplanted into a human and functioned normally for two months. This is the longest a genetically modified pig kidney has ever functioned inside a human, albeit a deceased one. The experiment, conducted by surgeons at NYU Langone Health, was a major step forward in the field of xenotransplantation, which is the transplantation of organs from animals to humans. Xenotransplantation has been a goal of medical science for decades, as it could potentially help to alleviate the shortage of human organs available for transplant. However, xenotransplantation has been plagued by challenges, including the human immune system's rejection of foreign tissue. The NYU Langone Health team addressed this challenge by using a genetically modified pig kidney. The kidney was modified to remove genes that trigger an immune response in humans, and to add genes that make the kidney more compatible with the human body. The kidney was transplanted into a brain-dead man who had agreed to donate his body for the experiment. The kidney functioned normally for two months, producing urine and filtering waste products from the blood. The researchers also found that the pig kidney responded to human hormones and excreted antibiotics in the same way as a human kidney. While the experiment was successful, it is important to note that it was conducted in a deceased person. The next step is to test pig kidneys in living humans, which is more challenging due to the risk of organ rejection. However, the results of the NYU Langone Health experiment are a promising sign that xenotransplantation may one day be a viable option for patients with end-stage organ disease.